Using the Web for Instruction at Hunter
An Annotated Guide to Current Projects
by Manfred Kuechler
(March 97 -- changed links fixed Aug 97)
The use of technology in (college) instruction can be separated into
three broad areas:
-
Internet-based delivery (asynchronous learning)
-
instructional materials are stored on a web site and available from any
work station connected to the Internet on campus as well as off-campus
at any time
-
students and instructor communicate via regular e-mail, a designated e-mail
list ("listserv"), or a bulletin board
-
Stand-alone presentation and self-instruction modules
-
multi-media materials are used during classroom presentation
-
supplements to current textbooks and a new generation of "textbooks" are
used by students individually on campus or off-campus
-
Broadcasting/Video-conferencing (synchronous learning)
-
presentation/lecture by instructor is transmitted to additional auditoriums
-
advanced forms allow for two-way interaction
Apart from legal (copyright) problems, most instructional materials falling
in the second category can be adapted for Internet-based delivery though
multi-media material requires high-end hardware and thus limits access
at this point in time. The most prominent example in this area is Prof.
Howard Topoff's work in psychology. For Hunter's efforts in the third
area contact Lisa Decker,
the Acting Director of the (new) Distance Learning Center located at the
School of Social Work. This guide, then, focuses on instructional projects
in the first area, Internet-based asynchronous learning models.
The scope of these projects varies. Internet-based materials
may
-
play a limited and strictly supplemental role,
-
be an essential component of a course, or
-
substitute for traditional classroom instruction constituting a new form
of distance learning,
with many grades in between. As individual projects progress, they are
likely to move to a stage where a distance learning utilization becomes
possible. These projects also vary with respect to technical sophistication,
the use of sound, video, animation. While the technology is available to
deliver full-fledged multi-media materials via the Internet, both
increased production costs and significantly higher hardware requirements
for student access constitute a barrier.
This guides provides a sample of individual faculty's efforts
to utilize modern (Internet) technology in college-level instruction in
the spring of 1997. With the imminent institution of an Office for Instructional
Computing and Informational Technology (OICIT) and the appointment
of its first director, Hunter College has taken important steps to coordinate
these efforts, to improve technical support, and to introduce a larger
number of faculty to these exciting new opportunities. Using these technologies
-- wisely -- will be an important means to fulfill the college's mission
to provide first-rate education to a student body largely drawn from less
privileged strata in our society.
The examples discussed in this guide come from all divisions.
They include fields that are typically not associated with the use of computers
or technology:
-
Education (Curriculum & Teaching)
-
Health Sciences (Environmental Health)
-
Humanities (Philosophy, Spanish)
-
Natural Sciences (Astronomy, Chemistry, Geography)
-
Social Sciences (Psychology, Sociology)
[For the impatient: Jump ahead to the concrete
projects.]
Though not all projects use this terminology, course materials
put on a web site can be thought of as an Electronic Reserve Shelf or
ERS for short. Materials can include
-
syllabi
-
assignments
-
study guides
-
class summaries
-
feedback on assignments/exams
-
(selected) students' work/papers
-
clippings about recent events/data
-
selected articles/texts
-
practice quizzes and exams
-
"web guides"
"Web guides" are documents in a special (HTML) format that connect
students to other web sites or documents by just a mouse click. In its
simplest form it is just an annotated list of such "hypertext links". Guided
searches on the Web let students do their own research, their own explorations
in a variety of fields, related to a broad range of topics, like:
-
Checking out Environmental Laws and Regulations
-
Researching the activities of social movement organizations like Greenpeace
-
Reading the daily edition of a foreign newspaper
-
Getting the details about a Supreme Court decision
-
Producing statistical tables without learning any specific software (GSSDIRS)
-
Checking on pending legislation in Congress
"Web guides" also avoid copyright problems by pointing to a source rather
than copying the material. They can enrichment the course contents by
-
Involving students in research
-
Including recent events/data as concrete illustrations
-
Offering a wider choice of readings that are easily accessible
Overall, an ERS offers better access for students
-
24/7 -- 24 hours a day, seven days a week
-
simultaneous use, no waits
-
both on-campus and off-campus
Sample Projects
The materials include the syllabus, the first exam complete with answers,
good advice on how to write a paper in philosophy, and a link to a site
that demonstrate the working of a turing machine.
Students find a link to the Spanish daily newspaper El Pais and
many more links to Spanish language sites mostly in Latin America.
Study questions for each chapters (expanded as the semester progresses),
quiz answers, and grades.
Weekly summaries of class lectures, homework assignment, feedback on assignments,
practice exams
An experimental course on the impact of the new technology on society,
politics, education, and everyday life combining technical training with
sociological reflection. No traditional textbook, but plenty of links pointing
to information sources on the web. Student papers describing the actual
changes by concrete examples were done in HTML format and are displayed
as part of the course material. Additional
sociology classes.
Syllabus, lecture notes, project assignment, several sample write-up from
previous sections. Additional
geography classes.
Exercise Sets and Answers. Additional
chemistry classes. Also general chemistry tutorials,
currently two authored by John Leonardo.
Includes detailed lecture notes with illustrations and a set of links to
astronomy sites around the world. Currently one of the most developed projects
at Hunter.
A great list of web sources for each topic covered in the course
Hunter's first Internet-based distance learning course, no traditional
classroom. All communication between instructor and student and among students
is via the Internet.
ERES
Currently, it takes some searching on the Hunter web pages to find these
example of the use of Internet-technology in instruction -- were it not
for this guide. However, a remedy is near: The ERES or Electronic Reserve
system. ERES is a user friendly management system that
-
requires low computer skills for faculty to create and maintain their course
ERS
-
can handle word-processing documents directly, no need to convert to HTML
format
-
can handle scanned handwritten lecture notes
-
allows to upload files directly from a web page
-
presents a unified system for all departments on campus
Starting with the current semester workshops for faculty are offered on
how to use this system. Some more intricate course pages (as some of the
examples above) are easier handled outside this system -- by faculty with
higher computer skills. But ERES can be used to point to those separate
locations. Take a tour
of ERES and revisit some of the courses introduced above.
What lies ahead?
Clearly, we are just at the very beginning of an exciting new era in college
teaching. These examples above show the potential and pioneering spirit
of some faculty. In order to make a real difference in the life of our
students, we must ascertain two things:
-
Sufficient access for students to adequately equipped work stations
-
more and better labs on campus, extended opening hours
-
assistance with the purchase of station to be used at home
-
better support service for problems both in the lab and at home (help desks)
-
Sufficient access for faculty and staff to adequately equipped work stations
-
access to state-of-the-art production software
-
faculty and staff training
| If you read this document in printed form (as hard copy), please note
that you can access it on the WWW at the following address (URL):
http://maxweber.hunter.cuny.edu/guide.htm
This will allow you to make use of the embedded 'hypertext' links;
by clicking on text that appears in blue on the screen you initiate a transfer
to another document, the one the text talks about. |